Babies use their entire bodies to show you how they are feeling. As they grow, they will start to use purposeful movement and sounds to express themselves. Younger babies should be provided with ‘tummy time’ to increase the muscular strength in their necks, backs and shoulders to enable them to meet later milestones like sitting and crawling.
When babies progress on to crawling, things become very exciting for them. Around this time, they will also begin pulling themselves up to a standing position so make sure there are items and furniture close to the ground to encourage this. Babies will then start to travel around the object. This is called ‘cruising’ and it eventually leads to a baby’s first steps. This is part of developing a child’s gross motor skills.
Physical play can also be made much more intricate by involving fine motor skills. Babies love to handle big and small objects, passing them between their hands, banging and shaking them, poking into holes, pouring, scooping and grasping. This requires a lot of dexterity in their fingers and wrists which comes from practice. Toys, such as sensory boards, are great for encouraging babies to develop these skills by playing with locks, knobs and textures. Malleable materials, such as edible playdough, are also encouraged for babies to use their fine motor skills through exploration.